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Thursday, June 05, 2025

VTOLs (Vertical Take-Off And Landing Aircraft, i.e., “Cars In The Sky”)




The cost per mile of VTOLs (Vertical Take-Off and Landing aircraft, i.e., “cars in the sky”) is currently significantly higher than that of cars on the road, but the gap is expected to narrow over time as the technology matures.

Here's a high-level comparison:


๐Ÿš— Cars on the Road

  • Average Cost per Mile (2023-2025 estimates):

    • Gasoline cars: $0.60 – $1.00

    • Electric vehicles (EVs): $0.30 – $0.50
      (includes depreciation, fuel, insurance, maintenance, etc.)


๐Ÿš VTOLs / eVTOLs (Electric Air Taxis)

  • Current Estimated Cost per Mile (2024-2025, early prototypes):

    • Piloted VTOLs: $3.00 – $8.00

    • Autonomous eVTOLs (future): $1.00 – $2.00 (projected)


๐Ÿงพ Breakdown of eVTOL Costs (Current Phase)

  1. Vehicle cost and depreciation: High due to limited production.

  2. Pilot cost: Significant until autonomy is widely adopted.

  3. Battery/energy cost: Better than helicopters, but still more expensive than EVs.

  4. Maintenance: Lower than helicopters but higher than cars currently.

  5. Air traffic & vertiport infrastructure fees: Still evolving.


✈️ Future Projections (2030+)

  • Companies like Joby Aviation, Archer, Lilium, and Wisk aim for:

    • $1 – $3 per passenger-mile

    • Comparable or cheaper than Uber Black or premium taxi rates

    • Highly competitive for medium-distance (20–100 miles) routes


๐Ÿง  Key Considerations

  • VTOLs will never match ground EVs for short-hop costs.

  • Their value is in speed + point-to-point access across congested urban areas or longer metro routes (e.g., SF to San Jose in 15 minutes).

  • If autonomy + scale + battery improvements hit targets, they may rival or beat traditional taxis on cost per mile.


Summary Table

Mode Cost per Mile (Now) Cost per Mile (2030+) Notes
Gasoline Car $0.60–$1.00 ~$0.70 High fuel and maintenance costs
Electric Car $0.30–$0.50 ~$0.20–$0.40 Getting cheaper with battery scale
VTOL (Piloted) $3.00–$8.00 ~$1.50–$3.00 Premium service, very early stage
VTOL (Autonomous) N/A ~$1.00–$2.00 Future of scaled air mobility

Wednesday, June 04, 2025

AMA With Aravind (Perplexity)

 


The Reddit AMA with Perplexity Labs' team—including CEO Aravind Srinivas and CTO Denis Yarats—offered insights into the development and future of Perplexity Labs, an AI-powered platform designed to transform user queries into comprehensive reports, dashboards, and applications.(reddit.com)

Key Discussion Points

1. Perplexity Labs Overview:
Perplexity Labs integrates tools like web browsing, code execution, and chart/image creation to process user questions into detailed analyses and applications. (reddit.com)

2. Usage Limits and Expansion:
Currently, Labs has a 50-task-per-month limit, primarily for stress-testing. The team indicated plans to increase this limit as the platform scales. (reddit.com)

3. Integration with Other Platforms:
Users inquired about potential support for platforms like Google Home and screen translators. While specific integrations weren't detailed, the team is exploring ways to expand Labs' accessibility across various devices and services.

4. Future Enhancements:
The team discussed ongoing efforts to improve Labs, including enhancing its capabilities and user experience. They emphasized their commitment to evolving the platform based on user feedback and technological advancements. (reddit.com)

5. Vision for Knowledge Work:
Looking ahead, the team envisions AI tools like Perplexity Labs playing a significant role in transforming knowledge work over the next 5–10 years, making information discovery and analysis more efficient and accessible. (reddit.com)

Most Requested Features

  • Increased Task Limits: Users expressed a desire for higher monthly task allowances to accommodate more extensive use cases.(reddit.com)

  • Broader Platform Support: There was interest in integrating Labs with additional platforms and devices to enhance versatility.

  • Enhanced Functionality: Requests included more advanced features for data analysis, visualization, and application development within Labs.(reddit.com)

For a detailed view of the AMA and to explore specific questions and responses, you can visit the full thread here.



Andrej Karpathy: Vibe Coding
Apple's AI Move?
Elon Musk and Quentin Tarantino: Masters of Pulp Fiction and Pop Culture
What Was the Basic Theranos Idea?
LaunchPad SF
Why Can't Tesla Match BYD Inside China On Prices?
Prompts Are Thoughts
Twitter: The Superpower of the 280-Character Brainstorm
Bay Bridge Therapy
Paul Graham: The Shape of the Essay Field
Grok Saved Twitter. Otherwise It Was On The Loose.

Questions For Vinod Khosla
Comparison of HarmonyOS vs. Android and iOS
Humanoid Robots: Not The Most Efficient Robots
Mary Meeker: Trends – Artificial Intelligence
The Fiercely Competitive Chinese EV Market
Why Smart Surface Public Transport Will Beat Full Self-Driving to the Future
India's $4,999 Car
The Five Year Window: A Smarter Lens for Navigating the Future
Government Tech: The Next Great Leap in Nation-Building (GovTech)

Vivek For Ohio
Palantir and 9/11: Could Technology Have Prevented the Attack, and How Does It Handle Future "Out of the Box" Threats?
Data Colonization
A Concrete Five-Year Plan for Bihar
Prashant Kishor Must Be Jan Suraaj’s CM Candidate
Can Meritocracy and Multiparty Democracy Coexist? Rethinking Elections for a Data-Driven Era
Drone Warfare: Guerrilla Warfare In The Age Of AI, Robotics And Drones
Why Paul Krugman Thinks Trump’s Trade War is “Stupid and Self-Destructive”
Going Back To Keynes On Global Trade
Britain Stole 45T From India
Aadhar & UPI: India's Greatest Soft Power Export Yet
The $50 Trillion Unlock: Why GovTech, Not the BRI, Will Transform the Global South
The Superpower of AOC: Capturing the Political Moment with Precision

Disrupting the Bloomberg Terminal: The AI Analysts Are Here
Some Suggestions For Perplexity Labs
Is Tesla Really a $25 Trillion Company Because of Optimus? A Deep Dive into Elon's Claim
AI-Era Social Network: The Facebook Killer That Looks Nothing Like Facebook
10 Trends In ClimateTech

Why Has Tesla’s Full Self-Driving Had So Many False Starts?
Elon Musk's Leadership Mistakes At Tesla
Tesla Self Driving, BYD Assisted Driving
The Tesla Robotaxi Rollout
Self-Driving Showdown: Tesla vs BYD vs Waymo — Who’s Winning the Autonomy Race?
What If the U.S. Let BYD In? Free Trade Meets the EV Disruptor

The No Link Policy On Twitter Is Stupid
Simulating A Particle Accelerator In AI
Deep Ocean, Surface Of Mars: Colonization Prospects
The Collision of Emerging Technologies: Where the Future of Tech Ignites
The Design Of Everyday Things
Unicorns, Elephants, And Plentiful Trillion Dollar Companies
The Physics: Bigger Rockets Are Harder To "Get Right"
Solugen: The Tesla of Chemicals—Why Isn’t It a Household Name Yet?
Software Ate the World. Now AI Is Eating Software.

The Browser Wars Are A Departure To Something New
The AI-Era Browser Is Not a Browser—It’s the Beginning of a New Operating System
AI-Era Web Browser, Brought To You By Perplexity
Why Thinking Big Is the Safest Bet in the Age of AI and Exponential Technologies
The Most Exciting Thing Happening in AI: Going Beyond the Internet Box
Google vs. Google: The AI Disruption and the Innovator’s Dilemma
Why Tesla's Only Path to Survival Runs Through India
From Chaos to World Class: A Bold Infrastructure Roadmap for Bengaluru, India’s Silicon Valley
Rethinking VC and Angel Investing for India’s Ground Realities
Why Aravind Srinivas Should Stay at Perplexity: The Path to a Trillion-Dollar Valuation
Ambient Computing: The Invisible Revolution Powered by AI
Beyond Laptops and Smartphones: The New Era of AI-Native Devices


Why Perplexity Must Dream Bigger: Beyond Faster Horse Carriages

The recent Reddit AMA with Perplexity AI’s founders—CEO Aravind Srinivas and CTO Denis Yarats—was a rich dialogue, brimming with user feedback, technical curiosity, and product wishlist items. But amid the excitement, something was missing. It wasn’t the answers. It was the questions.

The conversation, insightful though it was, revealed a broader issue: a collective failure of imagination. Most user requests echoed an all-too-familiar pattern in tech evolution—people asking for “faster horse carriages” instead of dreaming up the automobile. More integrations. More usage limits. Better UIs. These are fine asks—but they’re incremental. They're iterative, not revolutionary.

And that is the problem.

Perplexity is not just another browser-based chatbot. It is one of the few AI-native tech startups that has exploded past unicorn status in record time. That comes with not just opportunity, but responsibility—to pioneer, not merely polish.

This platform sits at the intersection of natural language processing, live web access, data science tooling, and interface design. In short: it’s not just a search engine replacement. It’s a potential reinvention of how humans ask, learn, explore, and act. It could become the cognitive exoskeleton for the curious.

But only if it dares to dream.

What Could Perplexity Become?

  • The World’s First Conversational Operating System: Not a search bar. A thought partner. Imagine Perplexity as the control layer across apps, tasks, and systems—like your OS, but driven by questions instead of clicks.

  • An AI-Native Browser Rethink: The Web is still structured for human eyeballs, not language models. What would a browser look like if it were built for GPT-5 and beyond? Could it abstract away pages and serve synthesized knowledge instead?

  • The First Truly Personalized University: If you fused Perplexity with adaptive learning, tutoring, peer collaboration, and credentialing—you’d have a lifelong learning system that rivals traditional education.

  • An Autonomous Researcher-as-a-Service: Give it a research goal. It reads, summarizes, evaluates, runs code, tests hypotheses, and sends updates. The Labs tool is only a primitive version of this dream.

  • A New Social Layer for Shared Curiosity: Imagine if questions asked on Perplexity became nodes in a social graph. Who is exploring similar topics? Who refined your prompt? Who disagrees? Curiosity could become a multiplayer game.

Time to Lead, Not Follow

To be clear: users want more tasks, smoother UX, and wider integrations because the current tools are genuinely useful. But Perplexity can’t let product design be reactive. It must be visionary.

This is a company in a position few others occupy. Google is too entrenched. OpenAI is focused on foundation models. Microsoft is bolting AI onto legacy structures. Perplexity is agile, fast, and born in the era of language models. That makes it the perfect candidate to rethink Web 2.0 and dream up Web 3.0—not the blockchain kind, but the cognitive kind.

The world doesn’t need a faster search engine. It needs a new medium for thinking.

So yes, give the users what they want. But more importantly, give them what they don’t yet know they need.

It’s time for Perplexity to stop iterating and start imagining.